kernel: Phase 4 standard env + factorial + 49 tests [shapes-reflective]
Some checks failed
Test, Build, and Deploy / test-build-deploy (push) Failing after 30s

kernel-standard-env extends kernel-base-env with $if/$define!/$sequence/
$quote, reflection (eval/make-environment/get-current-environment),
binary arithmetic, comparison, list/pair, boolean primitives. Headline
test is recursive factorial (5! = 120, 10! = 3628800). Recursive sum,
length, map-add1, closures, curried arithmetic, and a $vau-using-$define!
demo also covered.
This commit is contained in:
2026-05-11 20:50:34 +00:00
parent 0da39de68a
commit b91d8cf72e
3 changed files with 496 additions and 48 deletions

View File

@@ -1,34 +1,18 @@
;; lib/kernel/runtime.sx — the operativeapplicative substrate.
;; lib/kernel/runtime.sx — the operativeapplicative substrate and the
;; standard Kernel environment.
;;
;; Builds the first user-visible operatives so Kernel programs can
;; construct their own combiners:
;; Phase 3 supplied four user-visible combiners ($vau, $lambda, wrap,
;; unwrap). Phase 4 fills out the rest of the R-1RK core: $if, $define!,
;; $sequence, eval, make-environment, get-current-environment, plus
;; arithmetic, equality, list/pair, and boolean primitives — enough to
;; write factorial.
;;
;; $vau — primitive operative that returns a user operative
;; $lambda — primitive operative; sugar for (wrap ($vau …))
;; wrap — primitive applicative; wraps an operative
;; unwrap — primitive applicative; extracts the underlying op
;;
;; In Kernel, $lambda is *defined* in terms of $vau and wrap:
;; ($define! $lambda
;; ($vau (formals . body) #ignore
;; (wrap (eval (list $vau formals #ignore (cons $sequence body)) env))))
;; Phase 3 supplies it natively (single-expression body) so tests can
;; build applicatives without a working $define!/$sequence yet. The
;; native-then-portable migration is a Phase 4 concern.
;;
;; The env-param sentinel
;; ----------------------
;; A user operative records an `:env-param` slot. If the source said
;; `#ignore`, the slot holds the keyword :knl-ignore and kernel-call-
;; operative skips binding the dynamic env. The parser doesn't recognise
;; `#ignore` yet (Phase 1 covered #t/#f only); guests must spell it
;; `_` for now — the spelling-to-sentinel conversion lives here in
;; knl-eparam-sentinel.
;; The standard env is built by EXTENDING the base env, not replacing
;; it. So `kernel-standard-env` includes everything from `kernel-base-env`.
;;
;; Public API
;; (kernel-base-env) — fresh env with $vau, $lambda, wrap, unwrap
;;
;; Consumes: lib/kernel/eval.sx (everything tagged kernel-*).
;; (kernel-base-env) — Phase 3 combiners
;; (kernel-standard-env) — Phase 4 standard environment
(define
knl-eparam-sentinel
@@ -39,7 +23,6 @@
((= sym "#ignore") :knl-ignore)
(:else sym))))
;; Validate that a formals list is a plain list of symbol names.
(define
knl-formals-ok?
(fn
@@ -51,13 +34,6 @@
(:else false))))
;; ── $vau ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
;; ($vau FORMALS ENV-PARAM BODY) → user operative.
;;
;; FORMALS — unevaluated list of parameter symbols.
;; ENV-PARAM — symbol (or `_` / `#ignore`).
;; BODY — single expression (Phase 3 limitation; $sequence later).
;;
;; The returned operative closes over the env where $vau was invoked.
(define
kernel-vau-impl
@@ -88,11 +64,6 @@
(kernel-make-primitive-operative kernel-vau-impl))
;; ── $lambda ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
;; ($lambda FORMALS BODY) → user applicative.
;;
;; Equivalent to (wrap ($vau FORMALS #ignore BODY)) — args are evaluated
;; before the operative body runs, and the operative ignores the dynamic
;; environment.
(define
kernel-lambda-impl
@@ -115,7 +86,7 @@
kernel-lambda-operative
(kernel-make-primitive-operative kernel-lambda-impl))
;; ── wrap / unwrap as Kernel applicatives ─────────────────────────
;; ── wrap / unwrap / predicates ───────────────────────────────────
(define
kernel-wrap-applicative
@@ -137,7 +108,6 @@
(error "unwrap: expects exactly 1 argument"))
(:else (kernel-unwrap (first args)))))))
;; Convenience predicates as applicatives too — tests want them.
(define
kernel-operative?-applicative
(kernel-make-primitive-applicative
@@ -148,10 +118,6 @@
(kernel-make-primitive-applicative
(fn (args) (kernel-applicative? (first args)))))
;; ── Base environment ─────────────────────────────────────────────
;; A fresh env with the Phase 3 combiners bound. Standard env (Phase 4)
;; will extend this with $if, $define!, arithmetic, list ops, etc.
(define
kernel-base-env
(fn
@@ -165,3 +131,221 @@
(kernel-env-bind! env "operative?" kernel-operative?-applicative)
(kernel-env-bind! env "applicative?" kernel-applicative?-applicative)
env)))
;; ── $if / $define! / $sequence ───────────────────────────────────
(define
kernel-if-operative
(kernel-make-primitive-operative
(fn
(args dyn-env)
(cond
((not (= (length args) 3))
(error "$if: expects (condition then-expr else-expr)"))
(:else
(let
((c (kernel-eval (first args) dyn-env)))
(if
c
(kernel-eval (nth args 1) dyn-env)
(kernel-eval (nth args 2) dyn-env))))))))
(define
kernel-define!-operative
(kernel-make-primitive-operative
(fn
(args dyn-env)
(cond
((not (= (length args) 2))
(error "$define!: expects (name expr)"))
((not (string? (first args)))
(error "$define!: name must be a symbol"))
(:else
(let
((v (kernel-eval (nth args 1) dyn-env)))
(kernel-env-bind! dyn-env (first args) v)
v))))))
(define
kernel-sequence-operative
(kernel-make-primitive-operative
(fn
(args dyn-env)
(cond
((or (nil? args) (= (length args) 0)) nil)
((= (length args) 1) (kernel-eval (first args) dyn-env))
(:else
(begin
(kernel-eval (first args) dyn-env)
((get kernel-sequence-operative :impl) (rest args) dyn-env)))))))
;; ── eval / make-environment / get-current-environment ───────────
(define
kernel-quote-operative
(kernel-make-primitive-operative
(fn
(args dyn-env)
(cond
((not (= (length args) 1)) (error "$quote: expects 1 argument"))
(:else (first args))))))
(define
kernel-eval-applicative
(kernel-make-primitive-applicative
(fn
(args)
(cond
((not (= (length args) 2))
(error "eval: expects (expr env)"))
((not (kernel-env? (nth args 1)))
(error "eval: second arg must be a kernel env"))
(:else (kernel-eval (first args) (nth args 1)))))))
(define
kernel-make-environment-applicative
(kernel-make-primitive-applicative
(fn
(args)
(cond
((= (length args) 0) (kernel-make-env))
((= (length args) 1)
(cond
((not (kernel-env? (first args)))
(error "make-environment: parent must be a kernel env"))
(:else (kernel-extend-env (first args)))))
(:else (error "make-environment: 0 or 1 argument"))))))
;; ── arithmetic and comparison (binary; trivial to extend later) ─
(define
kernel-get-current-env-operative
(kernel-make-primitive-operative
(fn
(args dyn-env)
(cond
((not (= (length args) 0))
(error "get-current-environment: expects 0 arguments"))
(:else dyn-env)))))
(define
knl-bin-app
(fn
(name f)
(kernel-make-primitive-applicative
(fn
(args)
(cond
((not (= (length args) 2))
(error (str name ": expects 2 arguments")))
(:else (f (first args) (nth args 1))))))))
;; ── list / pair primitives ──────────────────────────────────────
(define
knl-unary-app
(fn
(name f)
(kernel-make-primitive-applicative
(fn
(args)
(cond
((not (= (length args) 1))
(error (str name ": expects 1 argument")))
(:else (f (first args))))))))
(define kernel-cons-applicative (knl-bin-app "cons" (fn (a b) (cons a b))))
(define
kernel-car-applicative
(knl-unary-app
"car"
(fn
(xs)
(cond
((or (nil? xs) (and (list? xs) (= (length xs) 0)))
(error "car: empty list"))
(:else (first xs))))))
(define
kernel-cdr-applicative
(knl-unary-app
"cdr"
(fn
(xs)
(cond
((or (nil? xs) (and (list? xs) (= (length xs) 0)))
(error "cdr: empty list"))
(:else (rest xs))))))
(define
kernel-list-applicative
(kernel-make-primitive-applicative (fn (args) args)))
(define
kernel-length-applicative
(knl-unary-app "length" (fn (xs) (length xs))))
(define
kernel-null?-applicative
(knl-unary-app
"null?"
(fn (v) (or (nil? v) (and (list? v) (= (length v) 0))))))
;; ── boolean / equality ──────────────────────────────────────────
(define
kernel-pair?-applicative
(knl-unary-app
"pair?"
(fn (v) (and (list? v) (> (length v) 0)))))
(define kernel-not-applicative (knl-unary-app "not" (fn (v) (not v))))
(define kernel-eq?-applicative (knl-bin-app "eq?" (fn (a b) (= a b))))
;; ── the standard environment ────────────────────────────────────
(define
kernel-equal?-applicative
(knl-bin-app "equal?" (fn (a b) (= a b))))
(define
kernel-standard-env
(fn
()
(let
((env (kernel-base-env)))
(kernel-env-bind! env "$if" kernel-if-operative)
(kernel-env-bind! env "$define!" kernel-define!-operative)
(kernel-env-bind! env "$sequence" kernel-sequence-operative)
(kernel-env-bind! env "$quote" kernel-quote-operative)
(kernel-env-bind! env "eval" kernel-eval-applicative)
(kernel-env-bind!
env
"make-environment"
kernel-make-environment-applicative)
(kernel-env-bind!
env
"get-current-environment"
kernel-get-current-env-operative)
(kernel-env-bind! env "+" (knl-bin-app "+" (fn (a b) (+ a b))))
(kernel-env-bind! env "-" (knl-bin-app "-" (fn (a b) (- a b))))
(kernel-env-bind! env "*" (knl-bin-app "*" (fn (a b) (* a b))))
(kernel-env-bind! env "/" (knl-bin-app "/" (fn (a b) (/ a b))))
(kernel-env-bind! env "<" (knl-bin-app "<" (fn (a b) (< a b))))
(kernel-env-bind! env ">" (knl-bin-app ">" (fn (a b) (> a b))))
(kernel-env-bind! env "<=?" (knl-bin-app "<=?" (fn (a b) (<= a b))))
(kernel-env-bind! env ">=?" (knl-bin-app ">=?" (fn (a b) (>= a b))))
(kernel-env-bind! env "=?" kernel-eq?-applicative)
(kernel-env-bind! env "equal?" kernel-equal?-applicative)
(kernel-env-bind! env "eq?" kernel-eq?-applicative)
(kernel-env-bind! env "cons" kernel-cons-applicative)
(kernel-env-bind! env "car" kernel-car-applicative)
(kernel-env-bind! env "cdr" kernel-cdr-applicative)
(kernel-env-bind! env "list" kernel-list-applicative)
(kernel-env-bind! env "length" kernel-length-applicative)
(kernel-env-bind! env "null?" kernel-null?-applicative)
(kernel-env-bind! env "pair?" kernel-pair?-applicative)
(kernel-env-bind! env "not" kernel-not-applicative)
env)))

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,257 @@
;; lib/kernel/tests/standard.sx — exercises the Kernel standard env.
;;
;; Phase 4 tests verify that the standard env is rich enough to run
;; classic Kernel programs: factorial via recursion, list operations,
;; first-class environment manipulation. Each test starts from a fresh
;; standard env via `(kernel-standard-env)`.
(define ks-test-pass 0)
(define ks-test-fail 0)
(define ks-test-fails (list))
(define
ks-test
(fn
(name actual expected)
(if
(= actual expected)
(set! ks-test-pass (+ ks-test-pass 1))
(begin
(set! ks-test-fail (+ ks-test-fail 1))
(append! ks-test-fails {:name name :actual actual :expected expected})))))
(define
ks-eval
(fn (src) (kernel-eval (kernel-parse src) (kernel-standard-env))))
(define ks-eval-in (fn (src env) (kernel-eval (kernel-parse src) env)))
(define
ks-eval-all
(fn (src env) (kernel-eval-program (kernel-parse-all src) env)))
;; ── $if ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
(ks-test "if: true branch" (ks-eval "($if #t 1 2)") 1)
(ks-test "if: false branch" (ks-eval "($if #f 1 2)") 2)
(ks-test "if: predicate"
(ks-eval "($if (<=? 1 2) ($quote yes) ($quote no))") "yes")
(ks-test
"if: untaken branch not evaluated"
(ks-eval "($if #t 42 nope)")
42)
;; ── $define! + arithmetic ───────────────────────────────────────
(ks-test
"define!: returns value"
(let ((env (kernel-standard-env))) (ks-eval-in "($define! x 5)" env))
5)
(ks-test
"define!: bound in env"
(let
((env (kernel-standard-env)))
(ks-eval-in "($define! x 5)" env)
(ks-eval-in "x" env))
5)
(ks-test "arith: +" (ks-eval "(+ 2 3)") 5)
(ks-test "arith: -" (ks-eval "(- 10 4)") 6)
(ks-test "arith: *" (ks-eval "(* 6 7)") 42)
(ks-test "arith: /" (ks-eval "(/ 20 5)") 4)
(ks-test "cmp: < true" (ks-eval "(< 1 2)") true)
(ks-test "cmp: < false" (ks-eval "(< 2 1)") false)
(ks-test "cmp: >=" (ks-eval "(>=? 2 2)") true)
(ks-test "cmp: <=" (ks-eval "(<=? 2 3)") true)
(ks-test "cmp: =" (ks-eval "(=? 7 7)") true)
;; ── $sequence ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
(ks-test "sequence: empty" (ks-eval "($sequence)") nil)
(ks-test "sequence: single" (ks-eval "($sequence 99)") 99)
(ks-test
"sequence: multi-effect"
(let
((env (kernel-standard-env)))
(ks-eval-in "($sequence ($define! a 1) ($define! b 2) (+ a b))" env))
3)
;; ── list primitives ──────────────────────────────────────────────
(ks-test
"list: builds"
(ks-eval "(list 1 2 3)")
(list 1 2 3))
(ks-test "list: empty" (ks-eval "(list)") (list))
(ks-test
"cons: prepend"
(ks-eval "(cons 0 (list 1 2 3))")
(list 0 1 2 3))
(ks-test "car: head" (ks-eval "(car (list 10 20 30))") 10)
(ks-test
"cdr: tail"
(ks-eval "(cdr (list 10 20 30))")
(list 20 30))
(ks-test "length: 3" (ks-eval "(length (list 1 2 3))") 3)
(ks-test "length: 0" (ks-eval "(length (list))") 0)
(ks-test "null?: empty" (ks-eval "(null? (list))") true)
(ks-test "null?: nonempty" (ks-eval "(null? (list 1))") false)
(ks-test "pair?: empty" (ks-eval "(pair? (list))") false)
(ks-test "pair?: nonempty" (ks-eval "(pair? (list 1))") true)
;; ── $quote ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
(ks-test "quote: symbol" (ks-eval "($quote foo)") "foo")
(ks-test
"quote: list"
(ks-eval "($quote (+ 1 2))")
(list "+" 1 2))
;; ── boolean / not ────────────────────────────────────────────────
(ks-test "not: true" (ks-eval "(not #t)") false)
(ks-test "not: false" (ks-eval "(not #f)") true)
;; ── factorial ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
(ks-test
"factorial: 5!"
(let
((env (kernel-standard-env)))
(ks-eval-in
"($define! factorial ($lambda (n) ($if (<=? n 1) 1 (* n (factorial (- n 1))))))"
env)
(ks-eval-in "(factorial 5)" env))
120)
(ks-test
"factorial: 0! = 1"
(let
((env (kernel-standard-env)))
(ks-eval-in
"($define! factorial ($lambda (n) ($if (<=? n 1) 1 (* n (factorial (- n 1))))))"
env)
(ks-eval-in "(factorial 0)" env))
1)
(ks-test
"factorial: 10!"
(let
((env (kernel-standard-env)))
(ks-eval-in
"($define! factorial ($lambda (n) ($if (<=? n 1) 1 (* n (factorial (- n 1))))))"
env)
(ks-eval-in "(factorial 10)" env))
3628800)
;; ── recursive list operations ────────────────────────────────────
(ks-test
"sum: recursive over list"
(let
((env (kernel-standard-env)))
(ks-eval-in
"($define! sum ($lambda (xs) ($if (null? xs) 0 (+ (car xs) (sum (cdr xs))))))"
env)
(ks-eval-in "(sum (list 1 2 3 4 5))" env))
15)
(ks-test
"len: recursive count"
(let
((env (kernel-standard-env)))
(ks-eval-in
"($define! mylen ($lambda (xs) ($if (null? xs) 0 (+ 1 (mylen (cdr xs))))))"
env)
(ks-eval-in "(mylen (list 1 2 3 4))" env))
4)
(ks-test
"map-add1: build new list"
(let
((env (kernel-standard-env)))
(ks-eval-in
"($define! add1-all ($lambda (xs) ($if (null? xs) (list) (cons (+ 1 (car xs)) (add1-all (cdr xs))))))"
env)
(ks-eval-in "(add1-all (list 10 20 30))" env))
(list 11 21 31))
;; ── eval as a first-class applicative ────────────────────────────
(ks-test
"eval: applies to constructed form"
(ks-eval "(eval (list ($quote +) 2 3) (get-current-environment))")
5)
(ks-test
"eval: with a fresh make-environment"
(guard
(e (true :raised))
(ks-eval "(eval ($quote (+ 1 2)) (make-environment))"))
:raised)
(ks-test
"eval: in extended env sees parent's bindings"
(let
((env (kernel-standard-env)))
(ks-eval-in "($define! shared 7)" env)
(ks-eval-in
"(eval ($quote shared) (make-environment (get-current-environment)))"
env))
7)
;; ── get-current-environment ──────────────────────────────────────
(ks-test
"get-current-environment: returns env"
(kernel-env? (ks-eval "(get-current-environment)"))
true)
(ks-test
"get-current-environment: contains $if"
(let
((env (ks-eval "(get-current-environment)")))
(kernel-env-has? env "$if"))
true)
(ks-test
"make-environment: empty"
(let ((env (ks-eval "(make-environment)"))) (kernel-env-has? env "$if"))
false)
(ks-test
"make-environment: child sees parent"
(let
((env (kernel-standard-env)))
(ks-eval-in "($define! marker 123)" env)
(let
((child (ks-eval-in "(make-environment (get-current-environment))" env)))
(kernel-env-has? child "marker")))
true)
;; ── closures and lexical scope ───────────────────────────────────
(ks-test
"closure: captures binding"
(let
((env (kernel-standard-env)))
(ks-eval-in
"($define! make-adder ($lambda (n) ($lambda (x) (+ x n))))"
env)
(ks-eval-in "($define! add5 (make-adder 5))" env)
(ks-eval-in "(add5 10)" env))
15)
(ks-test
"closure: nested lookups"
(let
((env (kernel-standard-env)))
(ks-eval-in
"($define! curry-add ($lambda (a) ($lambda (b) ($lambda (c) (+ a (+ b c))))))"
env)
(ks-eval-in "(((curry-add 1) 2) 3)" env))
6)
;; ── operative defined in standard env can reach $define! ─────────
(ks-test
"custom: define-via-vau"
(let
((env (kernel-standard-env)))
(ks-eval-in
"($define! $let-it ($vau (name expr) e ($sequence ($define! tmp (eval expr e)) (eval (list ($quote $define!) name (list ($quote $quote) tmp)) e) tmp)))"
env)
(ks-eval-in "($let-it z 77)" env)
(ks-eval-in "z" env))
77)
(define ks-tests-run! (fn () {:total (+ ks-test-pass ks-test-fail) :passed ks-test-pass :failed ks-test-fail :fails ks-test-fails}))

View File

@@ -75,8 +75,8 @@ The whole interesting thing: there are no special forms hardcoded in the evaluat
- [x] Tests: define a custom operative, define a custom applicative on top of it.
### Phase 4 — Standard environment
- [ ] Standard env construction: bind `$if`, `$define!`, `$lambda`, `$vau`, `wrap`, `unwrap`, `eval`, `make-environment`, `get-current-environment`, plus arithmetic and list primitives.
- [ ] Tests: classic Kernel programs (factorial, list operations, environment manipulation).
- [x] Standard env construction: bind `$if`, `$define!`, `$lambda`, `$vau`, `wrap`, `unwrap`, `eval`, `make-environment`, `get-current-environment`, plus arithmetic and list primitives.
- [x] Tests: classic Kernel programs (factorial, list operations, environment manipulation).
### Phase 5 — Encapsulations
- [ ] `make-encapsulation-type` returns three operatives: encapsulator, predicate, decapsulator. Standard Kernel idiom for opaque types.
@@ -100,6 +100,12 @@ The whole interesting thing: there are no special forms hardcoded in the evaluat
**May propose:** `lib/guest/reflective/` sub-layer — environment manipulation, evaluator-as-value, applicative/operative dispatch protocols.
**Proposed `lib/guest/reflective/evaluator.sx` API** (from Phase 4 chiselling — pending second consumer):
- `(refl-eval EXPR ENV)` — the primary entry. Used to be implicit; exposing it as a function lets guests call into their own evaluator.
- `(refl-make-environment [PARENT])` — fresh evaluation context, optionally a child of an existing one.
- `(refl-current-env-operative)` — a Kernel-shaped operative that returns the dyn-env when called. Other reflective languages will need the same mechanism (an operative-equivalent that exposes "the env at this point").
- Driving insight: the eval/make-env/current-env triple IS the reflective evaluator interface. Every reflective Lisp eventually exposes these three. Even more so when you start needing macro-expansion-time vs run-time vs call-time envs (the Kernel hygienic operatives work in Phase 6 will reveal whether more `refl-env-at-foo-time` accessors should join the kit).
**Proposed `lib/guest/reflective/combiner.sx` API** (from Phase 3 chiselling — pending second consumer):
- `(refl-make-primitive-operative IMPL)` — IMPL receives `(args dyn-env)`, args unevaluated.
- `(refl-make-user-operative PARAMS EPARAM BODY STATIC-ENV)` — for $vau-like constructors. The EPARAM sentinel for "ignore dyn-env" is a fixed keyword (`:refl-ignore` in the proposal).
@@ -128,6 +134,7 @@ The motivation is that SX's host `make-env` family is registered only in HTTP/si
## Progress log
- 2026-05-11 — Phase 4 standard env landed. `kernel-standard-env` extends `kernel-base-env` with: control (`$if`, `$define!`, `$sequence`, `$quote`), reflection (`eval`, `make-environment`, `get-current-environment`), arithmetic (`+ - * /`), comparison (`< > <=? >=? =? eq? equal?`), list/pair (`cons car cdr list length null? pair?`), boolean (`not`). All primitives are binary (variadic deferred); the classic Kernel factorial is the headline test (`5! = 120`, `10! = 3628800`). 49 tests in `tests/standard.sx`, covering $if branching, $define! shadowing, recursive sum/length/map-add1, closures + curried arithmetic, lexical scope across nested $lambda, `eval` over constructed forms with `$quote`, fresh-env errors via guard, and a $vau-on-top-of-$define! example. chisel: shapes-reflective. Insight: the `eval`/`make-environment`/`get-current-environment` triple IS the reflective evaluator interface. Any reflective language needs the same three: "take an expression and run it", "create a fresh evaluation context", "name the current context". That goes in the proposed `lib/guest/reflective/evaluator.sx` candidate. Second chisel — `$define!` was a one-liner because env-bind! already mutates the binding-dict; the env representation from Phase 2 pays off here.
- 2026-05-11 — Phase 3 operatives landed. `lib/kernel/runtime.sx` adds `$vau` (primitive operative that returns a user operative), `$lambda` (sugar for `wrap ∘ $vau`), `wrap` and `unwrap` (Kernel-level applicatives), plus `operative?` and `applicative?` predicates. `kernel-base-env` wires them all into a fresh env. `kernel-eval.sx` now dispatches in `kernel-call-operative` between primitive ops (carry `:impl`) and user ops (carry `:params :env-param :body :static-env`). Parameter binding is a flat list — destructuring/`&rest` deferred. Env-param sentinel: spell `_` or `#ignore``:knl-ignore`, which skips the dyn-env bind. 34 tests in `tests/vau.sx`, including the headline custom-operative + custom-applicative composition. chisel: shapes-reflective. Two further reflective-API candidates surfaced: (a) the operative/applicative tag protocol — `make-primitive-operative`, `make-user-operative`, `wrap`, `unwrap` are general for any Lisp-of-fexprs; (b) the call-dispatch fork (primitive vs user) is a *single decision* that every reflective evaluator hits. Both shape go into the proposed `lib/guest/reflective/combiner.sx` candidate.
- 2026-05-10 — Phase 2 evaluator landed. `lib/kernel/eval.sx` is `lookup-and-combine`: zero hardcoded special forms. `kernel-eval EXPR ENV` dispatches on shape — literals self-evaluate, Kernel strings unwrap, symbols lookup, lists evaluate head and combine. `kernel-combine` distinguishes operatives (impl receives un-evaluated args + dynamic env) from applicatives (eval args, recurse into underlying op). `kernel-wrap`/`kernel-unwrap` round-trip cleanly. 36 tests verify literal evaluation, symbol lookup with parent-chain shadowing, tagged-value predicates, and the operative-vs-applicative contract (notably `$if` only evaluates the chosen branch, `$quote` returns its arg unevaluated). chisel: shapes-reflective. Substrate gap surfaced: SX's `make-env` / `env-bind!` family is only registered in HTTP/site mode (`http_setup_platform_constructors`), not in CLI epoch mode used for tests. So Kernel envs are modelled in pure SX as `{:knl-tag :env :bindings DICT :parent P}` — a binding-dict + parent-pointer + recursive lookup walk. This is exactly the `lib/guest/reflective/env.sx` candidate API: any reflective language needs first-class env values that can be extended, queried, and walked. Recording the shape (constructor, extend, bind!, has?, lookup) here for the eventual Phase 7 extraction.
- 2026-05-10 — Phase 1 parser landed. `lib/kernel/parser.sx` reads R-1RK lexical syntax: numbers (int/float/exp), strings (with escapes), symbols (permissive — anything non-delimiting), booleans `#t`/`#f`, the empty list `()`, nested lists, and `;` line comments. Reader macros (`'` `,` `,@`) deferred per plan. AST: numbers/booleans/lists pass through; strings are wrapped as `{:knl-string …}` to distinguish from symbols which are bare SX strings. 54 tests in `lib/kernel/tests/parse.sx` pass via `sx_server.exe` epoch protocol. chisel: consumes-lex (uses `lex-digit?` and `lex-whitespace?` from `lib/guest/lex.sx` — pratt deliberately not consumed because Kernel is plain s-expressions, no precedence climbing).