haskell: Phase 16 — exception handling (catch/try/throwIO/evaluate/handle/throw)

hk-bind-exceptions! in eval.sx registers throwIO, throw, evaluate, catch,
try, handle, displayException. SomeException constructor pre-registered
in runtime.sx (arity 1, type SomeException).

throwIO and the existing error primitive both raise via SX `raise` with a
uniform "hk-error: msg" string. catch/try/handle parse it back into a
SomeException via hk-exception-of, which strips nested
'Unhandled exception: "..."' host wraps (CEK's host_error formatter) and
the "hk-error: " prefix.

catch and handle evaluate the handler outside the guard scope (build an
"ok"/"exn" outcome tag inside guard, then dispatch outside) so that a
re-throw from the handler propagates past this catch — matching Haskell
semantics rather than infinite-looping in the same guard.

14 unit tests in tests/exceptions.sx (catch success, catch error, try
Right/Left, handle, throwIO + catch/try, evaluate, nested catch, do-bind
through catch, branch on try result, IORef-mutating handler).

Conformance: safediv.hs (8/8) and trycatch.hs (8/8). Scoreboard now
285/285 tests, 36/36 programs.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

lib/haskell/conformance.sh

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ if [ ! -x "$SX_SERVER" ]; then
   fi
 fi
 
-PROGRAMS=(fib sieve quicksort nqueens calculator collatz palindrome maybe fizzbuzz anagram roman binary either primes zipwith matrix wordcount powers caesar runlength-str showadt showio partial statistics newton wordfreq mapgraph uniquewords setops shapes person config counter accumulate)
+PROGRAMS=(fib sieve quicksort nqueens calculator collatz palindrome maybe fizzbuzz anagram roman binary either primes zipwith matrix wordcount powers caesar runlength-str showadt showio partial statistics newton wordfreq mapgraph uniquewords setops shapes person config counter accumulate safediv trycatch)
 PASS_COUNTS=()
 FAIL_COUNTS=()