diff --git a/lib/lua/runtime.sx b/lib/lua/runtime.sx
index d97600fe..bdcdbb20 100644
--- a/lib/lua/runtime.sx
+++ b/lib/lua/runtime.sx
@@ -1340,3 +1340,104 @@
       (else (error (str "lua: module '" name "' not found"))))))
 
 (define require lua-require)
+
+;; ── raw operations + loadstring ───────────────────────────────
+(define
+  lua-rawget
+  (fn (t k)
+    (cond
+      ((not (= (type-of t) "dict")) nil)
+      ((has-key? t (str k)) (get t (str k)))
+      (else nil))))
+
+(define
+  lua-rawset
+  (fn (t k v)
+    (begin (dict-set! t (str k) v) t)))
+
+(define
+  lua-rawequal
+  (fn (a b)
+    (cond
+      ((and (= a nil) (= b nil)) true)
+      ((or (= a nil) (= b nil)) false)
+      ((and (= (type-of a) (type-of b)) (= a b)) true)
+      (else false))))
+
+(define
+  lua-rawlen
+  (fn (v)
+    (cond
+      ((= (type-of v) "string") (len v))
+      ((= (type-of v) "dict")
+        (let ((n 0))
+          (begin
+            (define
+              rl-count
+              (fn (i)
+                (if (has-key? v (str i))
+                    (begin (set! n i) (rl-count (+ i 1)))
+                    n)))
+            (rl-count 1)
+            n)))
+      (else 0))))
+
+(define rawget lua-rawget)
+(define rawset lua-rawset)
+(define rawequal lua-rawequal)
+(define rawlen lua-rawlen)
+
+;; loadstring(src) returns a function that, when called, evaluates src.
+(define
+  lua-loadstring
+  (fn (src)
+    (fn (&rest args) (lua-eval-ast src))))
+
+(define loadstring lua-loadstring)
+(define load lua-loadstring)
+
+;; select(n, ...) — Lua 5.1 built-in. select("#", ...) is arg count; select(i, ...) returns args from i on.
+(define
+  lua-select
+  (fn (&rest args)
+    (let ((n (first args)) (rest-args (rest args)))
+      (cond
+        ((= n "#") (len rest-args))
+        ((= (type-of n) "number")
+          (let ((i (- n 1)))
+            (cond
+              ((< i 0) (error "lua: bad argument to select"))
+              ((>= i (len rest-args)) nil)
+              (else
+                (let ((out (list (quote lua-multi))))
+                  (begin
+                    (define
+                      sel-loop
+                      (fn (j)
+                        (when (< j (len rest-args))
+                          (begin
+                            (set! out (append out (list (nth rest-args j))))
+                            (sel-loop (+ j 1))))))
+                    (sel-loop i)
+                    out))))))
+        (else (error "lua: bad argument to select"))))))
+
+(define select lua-select)
+
+;; assert(v, msg) — errors with msg if v is falsy.
+(define
+  lua-assert
+  (fn (&rest args)
+    (let ((v (first args)))
+      (cond
+        ((lua-truthy? v)
+          (cond
+            ((= (len args) 1) v)
+            (else (cons (quote lua-multi) args))))
+        (else
+          (error (if (> (len args) 1) (nth args 1) "assertion failed!")))))))
+
+(define assert lua-assert)
+
+(define _G {})
+(define _VERSION "Lua 5.1")
diff --git a/lib/lua/scoreboard.json b/lib/lua/scoreboard.json
index cd886261..8283fc2f 100644
--- a/lib/lua/scoreboard.json
+++ b/lib/lua/scoreboard.json
@@ -1,24 +1,32 @@
 {
   "totals": {
     "pass": 0,
-    "fail": 16,
-    "timeout": 0,
+    "fail": 15,
+    "timeout": 1,
     "skip": 8,
     "total": 24,
     "runnable": 16,
     "pass_rate": 0.0
   },
   "top_failure_modes": [
-    [
-      "parse error",
-      14
-    ],
-    [
-      "undefined symbol: print\\",
-      1
-    ],
     [
       "transpile: unsupported node",
+      6
+    ],
+    [
+      "other: Unhandled exception: \\\"Unhandled exception: \\\\\\\"assertion failed!\\\\\\\"\\",
+      4
+    ],
+    [
+      "parse error",
+      3
+    ],
+    [
+      "other: Unhandled exception: \\\"Unhandled exception: \\\\\\\"lua: attempt to call non-functio",
+      2
+    ],
+    [
+      "timeout",
       1
     ]
   ],
@@ -38,20 +46,20 @@
     {
       "name": "attrib.lua",
       "status": "fail",
-      "reason": "parse error",
-      "ms": 3243
+      "reason": "transpile: unsupported node",
+      "ms": 5378
     },
     {
       "name": "big.lua",
-      "status": "fail",
-      "reason": "undefined symbol: print\\",
-      "ms": 4383
+      "status": "timeout",
+      "reason": "per-test timeout",
+      "ms": 8007
     },
     {
       "name": "calls.lua",
       "status": "fail",
-      "reason": "parse error",
-      "ms": 3565
+      "reason": "transpile: unsupported node",
+      "ms": 4393
     },
     {
       "name": "checktable.lua",
@@ -62,8 +70,8 @@
     {
       "name": "closure.lua",
       "status": "fail",
-      "reason": "parse error",
-      "ms": 3465
+      "reason": "transpile: unsupported node",
+      "ms": 5425
     },
     {
       "name": "code.lua",
@@ -75,7 +83,7 @@
       "name": "constructs.lua",
       "status": "fail",
       "reason": "parse error",
-      "ms": 2522
+      "ms": 2509
     },
     {
       "name": "db.lua",
@@ -86,14 +94,14 @@
     {
       "name": "errors.lua",
       "status": "fail",
-      "reason": "parse error",
-      "ms": 2371
+      "reason": "other: Unhandled exception: \\\"Unhandled exception: \\\\\\\"assertion failed!\\\\\\\"\\",
+      "ms": 2934
     },
     {
       "name": "events.lua",
       "status": "fail",
-      "reason": "parse error",
-      "ms": 5133
+      "reason": "transpile: unsupported node",
+      "ms": 6455
     },
     {
       "name": "files.lua",
@@ -111,13 +119,13 @@
       "name": "literals.lua",
       "status": "fail",
       "reason": "parse error",
-      "ms": 1434
+      "ms": 1786
     },
     {
       "name": "locals.lua",
       "status": "fail",
-      "reason": "parse error",
-      "ms": 1386
+      "reason": "other: Unhandled exception: \\\"Unhandled exception: \\\\\\\"assertion failed!\\\\\\\"\\",
+      "ms": 1554
     },
     {
       "name": "main.lua",
@@ -129,43 +137,43 @@
       "name": "math.lua",
       "status": "fail",
       "reason": "parse error",
-      "ms": 2427
+      "ms": 2378
     },
     {
       "name": "nextvar.lua",
       "status": "fail",
-      "reason": "parse error",
-      "ms": 4241
+      "reason": "transpile: unsupported node",
+      "ms": 5918
     },
     {
       "name": "pm.lua",
       "status": "fail",
-      "reason": "parse error",
-      "ms": 5026
+      "reason": "other: Unhandled exception: \\\"Unhandled exception: \\\\\\\"assertion failed!\\\\\\\"\\",
+      "ms": 5658
     },
     {
       "name": "sort.lua",
       "status": "fail",
-      "reason": "parse error",
-      "ms": 930
+      "reason": "other: Unhandled exception: \\\"Unhandled exception: \\\\\\\"lua: attempt to call non-functio",
+      "ms": 1145
     },
     {
       "name": "strings.lua",
       "status": "fail",
-      "reason": "parse error",
-      "ms": 3424
+      "reason": "other: Unhandled exception: \\\"Unhandled exception: \\\\\\\"assertion failed!\\\\\\\"\\",
+      "ms": 3696
     },
     {
       "name": "vararg.lua",
       "status": "fail",
       "reason": "transpile: unsupported node",
-      "ms": 1931
+      "ms": 1901
     },
     {
       "name": "verybig.lua",
       "status": "fail",
-      "reason": "parse error",
-      "ms": 450
+      "reason": "other: Unhandled exception: \\\"Unhandled exception: \\\\\\\"lua: attempt to call non-functio",
+      "ms": 533
     }
   ]
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/lib/lua/scoreboard.md b/lib/lua/scoreboard.md
index a8f5f486..d9b33e2d 100644
--- a/lib/lua/scoreboard.md
+++ b/lib/lua/scoreboard.md
@@ -1,13 +1,15 @@
 # Lua-on-SX conformance scoreboard
 
 **Pass rate:** 0/16 runnable (0.0%)
-fail=16 timeout=0 skip=8 total=24
+fail=15 timeout=1 skip=8 total=24
 
 ## Top failure modes
 
-- **14x** parse error
-- **1x** undefined symbol: print\
-- **1x** transpile: unsupported node
+- **6x** transpile: unsupported node
+- **4x** other: Unhandled exception: \"Unhandled exception: \\\"assertion failed!\\\"\
+- **3x** parse error
+- **2x** other: Unhandled exception: \"Unhandled exception: \\\"lua: attempt to call non-functio
+- **1x** timeout
 
 ## Per-test results
 
@@ -15,25 +17,25 @@ fail=16 timeout=0 skip=8 total=24
 |---|---|---|---:|
 | all.lua | skip | driver uses dofile to chain other tests | 0 |
 | api.lua | skip | requires testC (C debug library) | 0 |
-| attrib.lua | fail | parse error | 3243 |
-| big.lua | fail | undefined symbol: print\ | 4383 |
-| calls.lua | fail | parse error | 3565 |
+| attrib.lua | fail | transpile: unsupported node | 5378 |
+| big.lua | timeout | per-test timeout | 8007 |
+| calls.lua | fail | transpile: unsupported node | 4393 |
 | checktable.lua | skip | internal debug helpers | 0 |
-| closure.lua | fail | parse error | 3465 |
+| closure.lua | fail | transpile: unsupported node | 5425 |
 | code.lua | skip | bytecode inspection via debug library | 0 |
-| constructs.lua | fail | parse error | 2522 |
+| constructs.lua | fail | parse error | 2509 |
 | db.lua | skip | debug library | 0 |
-| errors.lua | fail | parse error | 2371 |
-| events.lua | fail | parse error | 5133 |
+| errors.lua | fail | other: Unhandled exception: \"Unhandled exception: \\\"assertion failed!\\\"\ | 2934 |
+| events.lua | fail | transpile: unsupported node | 6455 |
 | files.lua | skip | io library | 0 |
 | gc.lua | skip | collectgarbage / finalisers | 0 |
-| literals.lua | fail | parse error | 1434 |
-| locals.lua | fail | parse error | 1386 |
+| literals.lua | fail | parse error | 1786 |
+| locals.lua | fail | other: Unhandled exception: \"Unhandled exception: \\\"assertion failed!\\\"\ | 1554 |
 | main.lua | skip | standalone interpreter driver | 0 |
-| math.lua | fail | parse error | 2427 |
-| nextvar.lua | fail | parse error | 4241 |
-| pm.lua | fail | parse error | 5026 |
-| sort.lua | fail | parse error | 930 |
-| strings.lua | fail | parse error | 3424 |
-| vararg.lua | fail | transpile: unsupported node | 1931 |
-| verybig.lua | fail | parse error | 450 |
+| math.lua | fail | parse error | 2378 |
+| nextvar.lua | fail | transpile: unsupported node | 5918 |
+| pm.lua | fail | other: Unhandled exception: \"Unhandled exception: \\\"assertion failed!\\\"\ | 5658 |
+| sort.lua | fail | other: Unhandled exception: \"Unhandled exception: \\\"lua: attempt to call non-functio | 1145 |
+| strings.lua | fail | other: Unhandled exception: \"Unhandled exception: \\\"assertion failed!\\\"\ | 3696 |
+| vararg.lua | fail | transpile: unsupported node | 1901 |
+| verybig.lua | fail | other: Unhandled exception: \"Unhandled exception: \\\"lua: attempt to call non-functio | 533 |
diff --git a/plans/lua-on-sx.md b/plans/lua-on-sx.md
index b60a6801..7e008f92 100644
--- a/plans/lua-on-sx.md
+++ b/plans/lua-on-sx.md
@@ -82,6 +82,7 @@ Each item: implement → tests → tick box → update progress log.
 
 _Newest first. Agent appends on every commit._
 
+- 2026-04-24: lua: scoreboard iteration — added `rawget`/`rawset`/`rawequal`/`rawlen`, `loadstring`/`load`, `select`, `assert`, `_G`, `_VERSION`. Failure mix now 6×vararg-transpile / 4×real-assertion / 3×parse / 2×call-non-fn / 1×timeout (was 14 parse + 1 print undef at baseline); tests now reach deep into real assertions. Still 0/16 runnable — next targets: vararg transpile, goto, loadstring-compile depth. 347 unit tests.
 - 2026-04-24: lua: `require`/`package` via preload-only (no filesystem search). `package.loaded` caching, nil-returning modules cache as `true`, unknown modules error. 347 tests.
 - 2026-04-24: lua: `os` stub — time/clock monotonic counter, difftime, date (default string / `*t` dict), getenv/remove/rename/tmpname/execute/exit stubs. Phase 6 complete. 342 tests.
 - 2026-04-24: lua: `io` stub + `print`/`tostring`/`tonumber` globals. io buffers to internal `__io-buffer` (tests drain it via `io.__buffer()`). print: tab-sep + NL. tostring respects `__tostring` metamethod. 334 tests.