diff --git a/lib/apl/runtime.sx b/lib/apl/runtime.sx
index 165234db..4bfd91e9 100644
--- a/lib/apl/runtime.sx
+++ b/lib/apl/runtime.sx
@@ -688,3 +688,47 @@
                   (map
                     (fn (j) (nth ravel (+ start j)))
                     (range 0 slice-size)))))))))))
+
+(define
+  apl-grade
+  (fn
+    (arr ascending)
+    (let
+      ((ravel (get arr :ravel)) (n (len (get arr :ravel))))
+      (let
+        ((pairs (map (fn (i) (list (nth ravel i) (+ i apl-io))) (range 0 n))))
+        (define ins nil)
+        (set!
+          ins
+          (fn
+            (x sorted)
+            (if
+              (= (len sorted) 0)
+              (list x)
+              (let
+                ((xv (first x))
+                  (xi (nth x 1))
+                  (hd (first sorted))
+                  (sv (first hd))
+                  (si (nth hd 1)))
+                (if
+                  (if
+                    ascending
+                    (or (< xv sv) (and (= xv sv) (< xi si)))
+                    (or (> xv sv) (and (= xv sv) (< xi si))))
+                  (cons x sorted)
+                  (cons hd (ins x (rest sorted))))))))
+        (define isort nil)
+        (set!
+          isort
+          (fn
+            (lst)
+            (if
+              (= (len lst) 0)
+              (list)
+              (ins (first lst) (isort (rest lst))))))
+        (make-array (list n) (map (fn (p) (nth p 1)) (isort pairs)))))))
+
+(define apl-grade-up (fn (arr) (apl-grade arr true)))
+
+(define apl-grade-down (fn (arr) (apl-grade arr false)))
diff --git a/lib/apl/tests/structural.sx b/lib/apl/tests/structural.sx
index 204905dc..9ad71b99 100644
--- a/lib/apl/tests/structural.sx
+++ b/lib/apl/tests/structural.sx
@@ -434,4 +434,44 @@
 (apl-test
   "squad partial 3d slice shape"
   (sh (apl-squad (apl-scalar 1) (make-array (list 2 3 4) (range 1 25))))
-  (list 3 4))
\ No newline at end of file
+  (list 3 4))
+
+(apl-test
+  "grade-up basic"
+  (rv (apl-grade-up (make-array (list 5) (list 3 1 4 1 5))))
+  (list 2 4 1 3 5))
+
+(apl-test
+  "grade-up shape"
+  (sh (apl-grade-up (make-array (list 4) (list 4 1 3 2))))
+  (list 4))
+
+(apl-test
+  "grade-up no duplicates"
+  (rv (apl-grade-up (make-array (list 4) (list 4 1 3 2))))
+  (list 2 4 3 1))
+
+(apl-test
+  "grade-up already sorted"
+  (rv (apl-grade-up (make-array (list 3) (list 1 2 3))))
+  (list 1 2 3))
+
+(apl-test
+  "grade-up reverse sorted"
+  (rv (apl-grade-up (make-array (list 3) (list 3 2 1))))
+  (list 3 2 1))
+
+(apl-test
+  "grade-down basic"
+  (rv (apl-grade-down (make-array (list 5) (list 3 1 4 1 5))))
+  (list 5 3 1 2 4))
+
+(apl-test
+  "grade-down no duplicates"
+  (rv (apl-grade-down (make-array (list 4) (list 4 1 3 2))))
+  (list 1 3 4 2))
+
+(apl-test
+  "grade-up single element"
+  (rv (apl-grade-up (make-array (list 1) (list 42))))
+  (list 1))
\ No newline at end of file