go: types.sx — declaration checking (var/const/type + :=) + 12 tests [nothing]

Phase 3 cont. Adds go-check-decl which dispatches on AST shape and
returns either the extended context or a :type-error:

  :var-decl     (:field NAMES TYPE-or-nil) EXPRS-or-nil
  :const-decl   (same shape; same logic in v0 — mutability later)
  :short-decl   LHS-LIST EXPRS         (lhs is a list of :var nodes)
  :type-decl    NAME TYPE              (type alias)

New helpers:

  go-default-type      — untyped-int → int, untyped-float → float64,
                         etc. Used when inferring var x = EXPR.
  go-check-exprs-against — every expr assignable to the declared type.
  go-bind-names-to-synth  — pair names with default-typed synth of
                            corresponding exprs; extends ctx.

The canonical Go pitfall flows through end-to-end now:

  (go-check-decl ctx (go-parse "var x float64 = 42 / 7"))
  →  ctx + (x → float64)

Because: 42/7 synthesises to ty-untyped-int (binop result of two
untyped operands), then go-check-exprs-against uses go-type-assignable?
to check ty-untyped-int → ty-name "float64" — :ok via the
untyped-int-to-any-numeric assignability rule. The 6 (integer) result
gets float-converted on assignment, never floated mid-computation.

types 40/40, total 345/345.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

lib/go/tests/types.sx

@@ -191,6 +191,79 @@
   (gtchk go-ctx-empty "\"hi\"" (list :ty-name "string"))
   :ok)
 
+(go-types-test
+  "decl: var x int (no init) — binds x to int"
+  (go-ctx-lookup (go-check-decl go-ctx-empty (go-parse "var x int")) "x")
+  (list :ty-name "int"))
+
+(go-types-test
+  "decl: var x int = 5 — checks 5 vs int, binds"
+  (go-ctx-lookup (go-check-decl go-ctx-empty (go-parse "var x int = 5")) "x")
+  (list :ty-name "int"))
+
+(go-types-test
+  "decl: var x = 5 — inferred, default-typed to int"
+  (go-ctx-lookup (go-check-decl go-ctx-empty (go-parse "var x = 5")) "x")
+  (list :ty-name "int"))
+
+(go-types-test
+  "decl: var x = 3.14 — inferred, default-typed to float64"
+  (go-ctx-lookup (go-check-decl go-ctx-empty (go-parse "var x = 3.14")) "x")
+  (list :ty-name "float64"))
+
+(go-types-test
+  "decl: var x float64 = 42 / 7 — canonical pitfall"
+  (go-ctx-lookup
+    (go-check-decl go-ctx-empty (go-parse "var x float64 = 42 / 7"))
+    "x")
+  (list :ty-name "float64"))
+
+(go-types-test
+  "decl: var x string = 42 — type-error"
+  (go-check-decl go-ctx-empty (go-parse "var x string = 42"))
+  (list
+    :type-error :mismatch
+    (list :ty-name "string")
+    (list :ty-untyped-int)))
+
+(go-types-test
+  "decl: var x, y int — binds both"
+  (let
+    ((ctx (go-check-decl go-ctx-empty (go-parse "var x, y int"))))
+    (list (go-ctx-lookup ctx "x") (go-ctx-lookup ctx "y")))
+  (list (list :ty-name "int") (list :ty-name "int")))
+
+(go-types-test
+  "decl: const Pi = 3.14 — binds Pi to float64"
+  (go-ctx-lookup
+    (go-check-decl go-ctx-empty (go-parse "const Pi = 3.14"))
+    "Pi")
+  (list :ty-name "float64"))
+
+(go-types-test
+  "decl: const C int = 42 — typed const"
+  (go-ctx-lookup
+    (go-check-decl go-ctx-empty (go-parse "const C int = 42"))
+    "C")
+  (list :ty-name "int"))
+
+(go-types-test
+  "decl: type T int — binds T to int alias"
+  (go-ctx-lookup (go-check-decl go-ctx-empty (go-parse "type T int")) "T")
+  (list :ty-name "int"))
+
+(go-types-test
+  "decl: short-decl x := 5 — binds x to int"
+  (go-ctx-lookup (go-check-decl go-ctx-empty (go-parse "x := 5")) "x")
+  (list :ty-name "int"))
+
+(go-types-test
+  "decl: short-decl a, b := 1, 2 — binds both"
+  (let
+    ((ctx (go-check-decl go-ctx-empty (go-parse "a, b := 1, 2"))))
+    (list (go-ctx-lookup ctx "a") (go-ctx-lookup ctx "b")))
+  (list (list :ty-name "int") (list :ty-name "int")))
+
 (define
   go-types-test-summary
   (str "types " go-types-test-pass "/" go-types-test-count))