"""
Live audio analysis for reactive effects.

Provides real-time audio features:
- Energy (RMS amplitude)
- Beat detection
- Frequency bands (bass, mid, high)
"""

import numpy as np
from typing import Optional
import threading
import time


class AudioAnalyzer:
    """
    Real-time audio analyzer using sounddevice.

    Captures audio from microphone/line-in and computes
    features in real-time for effect parameter bindings.

    Example:
        analyzer = AudioAnalyzer(device=0)
        analyzer.start()

        # In compositor loop:
        energy = analyzer.get_energy()
        beat = analyzer.get_beat()

        analyzer.stop()
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        device: int = None,
        sample_rate: int = 44100,
        block_size: int = 1024,
        buffer_seconds: float = 0.5,
    ):
        """
        Initialize audio analyzer.

        Args:
            device: Audio input device index (None = default)
            sample_rate: Audio sample rate
            block_size: Samples per block
            buffer_seconds: Ring buffer duration
        """
        self.sample_rate = sample_rate
        self.block_size = block_size
        self.device = device

        # Ring buffer for recent audio
        buffer_size = int(sample_rate * buffer_seconds)
        self._buffer = np.zeros(buffer_size, dtype=np.float32)
        self._buffer_pos = 0
        self._lock = threading.Lock()

        # Beat detection state
        self._last_energy = 0
        self._energy_history = []
        self._last_beat_time = 0
        self._beat_threshold = 1.5  # Energy ratio for beat detection
        self._min_beat_interval = 0.1  # Min seconds between beats

        # Stream state
        self._stream = None
        self._running = False

    def _audio_callback(self, indata, frames, time_info, status):
        """Called by sounddevice for each audio block."""
        with self._lock:
            # Add to ring buffer
            data = indata[:, 0] if len(indata.shape) > 1 else indata
            n = len(data)
            if self._buffer_pos + n <= len(self._buffer):
                self._buffer[self._buffer_pos:self._buffer_pos + n] = data
            else:
                # Wrap around
                first = len(self._buffer) - self._buffer_pos
                self._buffer[self._buffer_pos:] = data[:first]
                self._buffer[:n - first] = data[first:]
            self._buffer_pos = (self._buffer_pos + n) % len(self._buffer)

    def start(self):
        """Start audio capture."""
        try:
            import sounddevice as sd
        except ImportError:
            print("Warning: sounddevice not installed. Audio analysis disabled.")
            print("Install with: pip install sounddevice")
            return

        self._stream = sd.InputStream(
            device=self.device,
            channels=1,
            samplerate=self.sample_rate,
            blocksize=self.block_size,
            callback=self._audio_callback,
        )
        self._stream.start()
        self._running = True

    def stop(self):
        """Stop audio capture."""
        if self._stream:
            self._stream.stop()
            self._stream.close()
            self._stream = None
        self._running = False

    def get_energy(self) -> float:
        """
        Get current audio energy (RMS amplitude).

        Returns:
            Energy value normalized to 0-1 range (approximately)
        """
        with self._lock:
            # Use recent samples
            recent = 2048
            if self._buffer_pos >= recent:
                data = self._buffer[self._buffer_pos - recent:self._buffer_pos]
            else:
                data = np.concatenate([
                    self._buffer[-(recent - self._buffer_pos):],
                    self._buffer[:self._buffer_pos]
                ])

        # RMS energy
        rms = np.sqrt(np.mean(data ** 2))

        # Normalize (typical mic input is quite low)
        normalized = min(1.0, rms * 10)

        return normalized

    def get_beat(self) -> bool:
        """
        Detect if current moment is a beat.

        Simple onset detection based on energy spikes.

        Returns:
            True if beat detected, False otherwise
        """
        current_energy = self.get_energy()
        now = time.time()

        # Update energy history
        self._energy_history.append(current_energy)
        if len(self._energy_history) > 20:
            self._energy_history.pop(0)

        # Need enough history
        if len(self._energy_history) < 5:
            self._last_energy = current_energy
            return False

        # Average recent energy
        avg_energy = np.mean(self._energy_history[:-1])

        # Beat if current energy is significantly above average
        is_beat = (
            current_energy > avg_energy * self._beat_threshold and
            now - self._last_beat_time > self._min_beat_interval and
            current_energy > self._last_energy  # Rising edge
        )

        if is_beat:
            self._last_beat_time = now

        self._last_energy = current_energy
        return is_beat

    def get_spectrum(self, bands: int = 3) -> np.ndarray:
        """
        Get frequency spectrum divided into bands.

        Args:
            bands: Number of frequency bands (default 3: bass, mid, high)

        Returns:
            Array of band energies, normalized to 0-1
        """
        with self._lock:
            # Use recent samples for FFT
            n = 2048
            if self._buffer_pos >= n:
                data = self._buffer[self._buffer_pos - n:self._buffer_pos]
            else:
                data = np.concatenate([
                    self._buffer[-(n - self._buffer_pos):],
                    self._buffer[:self._buffer_pos]
                ])

        # FFT
        fft = np.abs(np.fft.rfft(data * np.hanning(len(data))))

        # Divide into bands
        band_size = len(fft) // bands
        result = np.zeros(bands)
        for i in range(bands):
            start = i * band_size
            end = start + band_size
            result[i] = np.mean(fft[start:end])

        # Normalize
        max_val = np.max(result)
        if max_val > 0:
            result = result / max_val

        return result

    @property
    def is_running(self) -> bool:
        return self._running

    def __enter__(self):
        self.start()
        return self

    def __exit__(self, *args):
        self.stop()


class FileAudioAnalyzer:
    """
    Audio analyzer that reads from a file (for testing/development).

    Pre-computes analysis and plays back in sync with video.
    """

    def __init__(self, path: str, analysis_data: dict = None):
        """
        Initialize from audio file.

        Args:
            path: Path to audio file
            analysis_data: Pre-computed analysis (times, values, etc.)
        """
        self.path = path
        self.analysis_data = analysis_data or {}
        self._current_time = 0

    def set_time(self, t: float):
        """Set current playback time."""
        self._current_time = t

    def get_energy(self) -> float:
        """Get energy at current time from pre-computed data."""
        track = self.analysis_data.get("energy", {})
        return self._interpolate(track, self._current_time)

    def get_beat(self) -> bool:
        """Check if current time is near a beat."""
        track = self.analysis_data.get("beats", {})
        times = track.get("times", [])

        # Check if we're within 50ms of a beat
        for beat_time in times:
            if abs(beat_time - self._current_time) < 0.05:
                return True
        return False

    def _interpolate(self, track: dict, t: float) -> float:
        """Interpolate value at time t."""
        times = track.get("times", [])
        values = track.get("values", [])

        if not times or not values:
            return 0.0

        if t <= times[0]:
            return values[0]
        if t >= times[-1]:
            return values[-1]

        # Find bracket and interpolate
        for i in range(len(times) - 1):
            if times[i] <= t <= times[i + 1]:
                alpha = (t - times[i]) / (times[i + 1] - times[i])
                return values[i] * (1 - alpha) + values[i + 1] * alpha

        return values[-1]

    @property
    def is_running(self) -> bool:
        return True


class StreamingAudioAnalyzer:
    """
    Real-time audio analyzer that streams from a file.

    Reads audio in sync with video time and computes features on-the-fly.
    No pre-computation needed - analysis happens as frames are processed.
    """

    def __init__(self, path: str, sample_rate: int = 22050, hop_length: int = 512):
        """
        Initialize streaming audio analyzer.

        Args:
            path: Path to audio file
            sample_rate: Sample rate for analysis
            hop_length: Hop length for feature extraction
        """
        import subprocess
        import json

        self.path = path
        self.sample_rate = sample_rate
        self.hop_length = hop_length
        self._current_time = 0.0

        # Get audio duration
        cmd = ["ffprobe", "-v", "quiet", "-print_format", "json",
               "-show_format", str(path)]
        result = subprocess.run(cmd, capture_output=True, text=True)
        info = json.loads(result.stdout)
        self.duration = float(info["format"]["duration"])

        # Audio buffer and state
        self._audio_data = None
        self._energy_history = []
        self._last_energy = 0
        self._last_beat_time = -1
        self._beat_threshold = 1.5
        self._min_beat_interval = 0.15

        # Load audio lazily
        self._loaded = False

    def _load_audio(self):
        """Load audio data on first use."""
        if self._loaded:
            return

        import subprocess

        # Use ffmpeg to decode audio to raw PCM
        cmd = [
            "ffmpeg", "-v", "quiet",
            "-i", str(self.path),
            "-f", "f32le",  # 32-bit float, little-endian
            "-ac", "1",      # mono
            "-ar", str(self.sample_rate),
            "-"
        ]
        result = subprocess.run(cmd, capture_output=True)
        self._audio_data = np.frombuffer(result.stdout, dtype=np.float32)
        self._loaded = True

    def set_time(self, t: float):
        """Set current playback time."""
        self._current_time = t

    def get_energy(self) -> float:
        """Compute energy at current time."""
        self._load_audio()

        if self._audio_data is None or len(self._audio_data) == 0:
            return 0.0

        # Get sample index for current time
        sample_idx = int(self._current_time * self.sample_rate)
        window_size = self.hop_length * 2

        start = max(0, sample_idx - window_size // 2)
        end = min(len(self._audio_data), sample_idx + window_size // 2)

        if start >= end:
            return 0.0

        # RMS energy
        chunk = self._audio_data[start:end]
        rms = np.sqrt(np.mean(chunk ** 2))

        # Normalize to 0-1 range (approximate)
        energy = min(1.0, rms * 3.0)

        self._last_energy = energy
        return energy

    def get_beat(self) -> bool:
        """Detect beat using spectral flux (change in frequency content)."""
        self._load_audio()

        if self._audio_data is None or len(self._audio_data) == 0:
            return False

        # Get audio chunks for current and previous frame
        sample_idx = int(self._current_time * self.sample_rate)
        chunk_size = self.hop_length * 2

        # Current chunk
        start = max(0, sample_idx - chunk_size // 2)
        end = min(len(self._audio_data), sample_idx + chunk_size // 2)
        if end - start < chunk_size // 2:
            return False
        current_chunk = self._audio_data[start:end]

        # Previous chunk (one hop back)
        prev_start = max(0, start - self.hop_length)
        prev_end = max(0, end - self.hop_length)
        if prev_end <= prev_start:
            return False
        prev_chunk = self._audio_data[prev_start:prev_end]

        # Compute spectra
        current_spec = np.abs(np.fft.rfft(current_chunk * np.hanning(len(current_chunk))))
        prev_spec = np.abs(np.fft.rfft(prev_chunk * np.hanning(len(prev_chunk))))

        # Spectral flux: sum of positive differences (onset = new frequencies appearing)
        min_len = min(len(current_spec), len(prev_spec))
        diff = current_spec[:min_len] - prev_spec[:min_len]
        flux = np.sum(np.maximum(0, diff))  # Only count increases

        # Normalize by spectrum size
        flux = flux / (min_len + 1)

        # Update flux history
        self._energy_history.append((self._current_time, flux))
        while self._energy_history and self._energy_history[0][0] < self._current_time - 1.5:
            self._energy_history.pop(0)

        if len(self._energy_history) < 3:
            return False

        # Adaptive threshold based on recent flux values
        flux_values = [f for t, f in self._energy_history]
        mean_flux = np.mean(flux_values)
        std_flux = np.std(flux_values) + 0.001  # Avoid division by zero

        # Beat if flux is above mean (more sensitive threshold)
        threshold = mean_flux + std_flux * 0.3  # Lower = more sensitive
        min_interval = 0.1  # Allow up to 600 BPM
        time_ok = self._current_time - self._last_beat_time > min_interval

        is_beat = flux > threshold and time_ok

        if is_beat:
            self._last_beat_time = self._current_time

        return is_beat

    def get_spectrum(self, bands: int = 3) -> np.ndarray:
        """Get frequency spectrum at current time."""
        self._load_audio()

        if self._audio_data is None or len(self._audio_data) == 0:
            return np.zeros(bands)

        sample_idx = int(self._current_time * self.sample_rate)
        n = 2048

        start = max(0, sample_idx - n // 2)
        end = min(len(self._audio_data), sample_idx + n // 2)

        if end - start < n // 2:
            return np.zeros(bands)

        chunk = self._audio_data[start:end]

        # FFT
        fft = np.abs(np.fft.rfft(chunk * np.hanning(len(chunk))))

        # Divide into bands
        band_size = len(fft) // bands
        result = np.zeros(bands)
        for i in range(bands):
            s, e = i * band_size, (i + 1) * band_size
            result[i] = np.mean(fft[s:e])

        # Normalize
        max_val = np.max(result)
        if max_val > 0:
            result = result / max_val

        return result

    @property
    def is_running(self) -> bool:
        return True